What is the killing of one’s brother called?

The killing of one’s brother is referred to as `fratricide’. The `a’ is pronounced like the `a’ in `pact’, `fact’, and `tact’; the following `i’ is like the `i’ in `sit’, `bit’, and `hit’. The final `cide’ is pronounced like the word `side’, and the stress is on the first syllable. This is one way of pronouncing the word. `Frater’ in Latin means `brother’ and `cida’ means `killer’. There are many words in English ending with the suffix `cide’. For example, the killing of one’s father is `patricide’. `Matricide’ is the killing of one’s mother, and when a parent kills his/her child, it’s called `filicide’. If you kill another human being it’s `homicide’, and when you kill yourself, it’s `suicide’.

Source: ‘Know Your English’ (The Hindu) – August 21, 2006.

Types of governments

To remember this you require to learn some greek roots. The root for government is crat / crac. See here for more on this. Another is arch which is also used.
Now for eg. what is xenocracy ?
xeno means foreign, cracy means rule, so xenocracy means rule by foreigners. Similarly others go. Here is the complete list:

Word	Definition
acracy	government by none; anarchy
adhocracy	government in an unstructured fashion; an unstructured organization
albocracy	government by white people(alb means white, remember disease albino)
anarchy	government by none
androcracy	government by men
anemocracy	government by the wind or by whim(whim means sudden idea, which cannot be explained.
angelocracy	government by angels
antarchy	opposition to government; anarchy
argentocracy	government by money(argent stands for silver)
aristarchy	government by the best
aristocracy	government by the nobility
arithmocracy	government by simple majority
autarchy	government by an absolute ruler
autocracy	government by one individual
barbarocracy	government by barbarians
beerocracy	government by brewers or brewing interests
bestiocracy	rule by beasts
biarchy	government by two people; diarchy
binarchy	government by two people; diarchy
bureaucracy	government by civil servants
cannonarchy	government by superior firepower or by cannons
capelocracy	government by shopkeepers
chiliarchy	government by one thousand people
chirocracy	government by physical force
chromatocracy	government by rulers of a particular skin colour
chrysoaristocracy	government by the wealthy; plutocracy
chrysocracy	government by the wealthy; plutocracy
corpocracy	government by corporate bureaucrats
cosmarchy	rulership over the entire world, esp. by the devil
cottonocracy	government by those involved in the cotton trade
cryptarchy	secret rulership
decadarchy	government by ten individuals; decarchy
decarchy	government by ten individuals
demarchy	government by the people; popular government
democracy	government by the people
demonarchy	government by a demon
demonocracy	government by demons or evil forces
despotocracy	government by despots or tyrants
diabolocracy	government by the Devil
diarchy	government by two people
dinarchy	government by two people; diarchy
dodecarchy	government by twelve people
doulocracy	government by slaves
duarchy	government by two people; diarchy
dulocracy	government by slaves; doulocracy
dyarchy	government by two people; diarchy
ecclesiarchy	government by clerics or ecclesiastical authorities
endarchy	centralised government
ergatocracy	government by the workers or the working class
ethnarchy	government over an ethnic group
ethnocracy	government by an ethnic group or race
exarchy	government by bishops
foolocracy	government by fools
gerontocracy	government by the aged
gunarchy	government by women; gynarchy
gymnasiarchy	government over a school or academy
gynaecocracy	government by women; gynarchy
gynarchy	government by women
gynocracy	government by women; gynarchy
hagiarchy	government by saints or holy persons
hagiocracy	government by holy men
hamarchy	government by a cooperative body of parts
hecatarchy	government by one hundred people; hecatontarchy
hecatontarchy	government by one hundred people
hendecarchy	government by eleven people
heptarchy	government by seven people
heroarchy	government by heroes
hetaerocracy	government by paramours
heterarchy	government by a foreign ruler
hierarchy	government by a ranked body; government by priests
hierocracy	government by priests or religious ministers
hipparchy	rule or control of horses
hoplarchy	government by the military
hyperanarchy	condition of extreme anarchy
hyperarchy	excessive government
iatrarchy	government by physicians
idiocracy	personal rule; self-rule
infantocracy	government by an infant
isocracy	equal political power
jesuitocracy	government by Jesuits
juntocracy	government by a junta
kakistocracy	government by the worst
kleptocracy	government by thieves
kritarchy	government by judges
landocracy	government by the propertied class; timocracy
logocracy	government of words
matriarchy	government by women or mothers
meritocracy	government by the meritorious
merocracy	government by a part of the citizenry
mesocracy	government by the middle classes
metrocracy	government by mothers or women; matriarchy
millionocracy	government by millionaires
millocracy	government by mill owners
mobocracy	government by mobs or crowds
monarchy	government by one individual
moneyocracy	government by the monied classes
monocracy	government by one individual
myriarchy	government by ten thousand individuals
narcokleptocracy	government by those who profit from trade in illegal drugs
navarchy	rulership over the seas
neocracy	government by new or inexperienced rulers
nomocracy	government based on legal system; rule of law
ochlocracy	government by mobs
octarchy	government by eight people
oligarchy	government by the few
paedarchy	government by children
paedocracy	government by children; paedarchy
panarchy	universal rule or dominion
pantarchy	government by all the people; world government
pantisocracy	government by all equally
paparchy	government by the pope
papyrocracy	government by newspapers or literature
parsonarchy	government by parsons
partocracy	government by a single unopposed political party
patriarchy	government by men or fathers
pedantocracy	government by pedants or strict rule-bound scholars
pentarchy	government by five individuals
phallocracy	government by men
philosophocracy	government by philosophers
phylarchy	government by a specific class or tribe
physiocracy	government according to natural laws or principles
pigmentocracy	government by those of one skin colour
plantocracy	government by plantation owners
plousiocracy	government by the wealthy; plutocracy
plutarchy	government by the wealthy; plutocracy
plutocracy	government by the wealthy
polarchy	government by many people; polyarchy
policeocracy	government by police
pollarchy	government by the multitude or a mob; ochlocracy
polyarchy	government by many people
polycracy	government by many rulers; polyarchy
popocracy	government by populists
pornocracy	government by harlots
prophetocracy	government by a prophet
psephocracy	government resulting from election by ballot
ptochocracy	government by beggars or paupers; wholesale pauperization
punditocracy	government by political pundits
quangocracy	rule of quasi-autonomous non-governmental organizations
rotocracy	government by those who control rotten boroughs
septarchy	government by seven rulers; heptarchy
shopocracy	government by shopkeepers
slavocracy	government by slave-owners
snobocracy	government by snobs
sociocracy	government by society as a whole
squarsonocracy	government by landholding clergymen
squatterarchy	government by squatters; squattocracy
squattocracy	government by squatters
squirearchy	government by squires
squirocracy	government by squires; squirearchy
statocracy	government by the state alone, without ecclesiastical influence
stratarchy	rulership over an army
stratocracy	military rule or despotism
strumpetocracy	government by strumpets
synarchy	joint sovereignty
technocracy	government by technical experts
tetradarchy	government by four people; tetrarchy
tetrarchy	government by four people
thalassiarchy	sovereignty of the seas; thalassocracy
thalassocracy	sovereignty of the seas
thearchy	rule by a god or gods; body of divine rulers
theatrocracy	goverment by gathered assemblies of citizens
theocracy	government by priests or by religious law
timarchy	government by the propertied class; timocracy
timocracy	government by the propertied class
triarchy	government by three people
tritarchy	government by three people; triarchy
tritheocracy	government by three gods
whiggarchy	government by Whigs
xenocracy	government by a body of foreigners

So learning the first root will help, if you know the suffix root.

nav / nore / naus - sea or ocean

Nautical - 5th that is concerning sailorship

naval - pertaining to ships

circumnavigate - to sail the way around something

nausea - feeling like vomit

aquanaut - a driver

seafaring - connected by travelling by sea



navy - army operating on sea
 

noc / nic /nox - harmful

innocuous -  harmless

noxious - harmful

nocturnal  - related to night (Harmful effect anything related to night)

morph - shape

amorphous - without shape, shapeless, nebulous, vague

metamorphosis - change of form, shape, transformation

morphology - study of shape of things

polymorphous - having  more that one shape

anthropomorphic - in the shape of man (anthropo - related to human beings)

pot - power / drink

potent - intoxicated , strong , forceful, effective

potential - possible, budding, latent, impending

omnipotent - supreme power / all powerful

impotent - powerless, weak, helpless, incapable

potentate - monarch, ruler, emperor

potion - liquid

phon - sound

euphonious - sounding pleasant , harmonious, melodious

symphony - a long piece of music for orchestra

cacophony - an unpleasant mixture of bad sounds

pec - money

pecuniary - financial / fiscal / monitory / economical

impecunious - having v. little money, indigent, destitute / poor

pan - all

panorama - view scene

panacea - cure all, universal remedy / solution

pandemic - chaos / bedlam (uproar) , mayhem

panegyric - a speech or piece of writing, praising something

pantheism - a belief that god is present in all natural things

mori / mort - dead

morbid - too interested in subjects related to death

immortalize - to make someone or something so famous that they are remembered for a v.long time

moribund - At the point of death or decline, dying, lacking vigour
How can trade deptt. revived from its present moribund state?

mortuary - a place where dead bodies kept temporarily

mortality - being moral
The day human gains knowledge of mortality, we get the knowledge that everything on earth is mortal

mortify - to humiliate greatly, gangrenous, degrade
I told her that if she'd upset him, she'd be mortified

mortal - earthly
Man is mortal

jec / ject - to throw

projectile - bullet , shell

inject - to insert , infuse, introduce, instill, adding more value

reject - to discard / refuse / eliminate / snub (=> to decline ; rebuff - disallow)

eject - throw out, banish, to get rid off, cast out

jettison - to throw away / discard / chucked out

trajectory - path, course, root, arc, curve, trail, flight

dejected - sad , depressed, hopeless, unhappy, gloomy, down in the dumps, in blues, crest-fallen

conjecture - surmise (=> to guess), speculation, inferences,
conjecture is not wild guess, but may be inference
eg. my dear fried I conjectured from your parent....=> you infer

lud / lus - to play

ludicrous - absurd, ridiculous, foolish, stupid, farcical, non-sensical, prepostures

allude - to refer to something indirectly, sarcastic

allusion - any indirect or passing reference

illusionary - deceptive

delusion - a false belief, misunderstanding, fallacy

illusion - is deliberately but delusion is not wanted

greg - heard or crowd

aggregate - total, cumulative, amassed

congress - very formal meeting of delegates for discussion
delegate - the people must be of that kind of session
eg. parliament, assembly, senate, legislature

segregate - isolate, to set aside
Antonym - integrate

congregation (Roman catholic) - where people used to go in 2 different ways - normal people used to go from Monday to Saturday, but Aristocratic laureates used to meet on Sundays => religious gathering, people assembled in church service, flocks


gregarious - social, extroverted, unresolved, expressive
Marketing people are generally gregarious in nature

congenial -  pleasing through having qualities or interests similar to one's own

matr / mater, matri - mother

matriarch - female ruler of family, group or state

matron ( pronunciation - metron) - sober, dignified, married women, nuns and nurses , lady incharge of domestic , nursing or school affairs

matrilineal - descends from mother's side

alma mater - fostering , nurturing, referred to my school / institution a person went to

matricide - killing of one's mother

maternal - of mother, gentle
He is fried with maternal touch

mem / men/ min / mnem - remember

memorabilia - record of things worth remembering

reminisce - thinking and talking of past events, being retrospective

nostalgia - is about good memories of the past

amnesia - forgetfulness / loss of memory (old age)

B- pardon , forgiveness

B- aid to memory

memento - an object kept as reminder or souvenir.

reminiscence - a story told by the narrator remembering the past events

locu / loqu / logy - speak / speech

elocution - diction, the way you pronounce, voice production OR skill of speaking with clarity
Sentence -If person has good elocution you would understand in phones.
Opp to this person who can speak may not make you understand much.

eloquent - expressive or fluent, persuasive
In marketing salesman is eloquent

loquacious - wordy, talkative, cariluos
It is related to mouth, not tongue.
rambling - v.long and confusing, longwinded,
effusive - expressing feeling v.v. strongly
taciturn - habitually reserved and uncommunicative (however abeyance may be there for some reason)
Antonym(taciturn) - voluble

dialogue - exchange of ideas

prologue - preamble, introduction, preface
Note that prologue is used mainly for oral communication (because note that logue refers to speech), while foreword is a kind of letter

monologue - speech you make to yourself OR long dramatic speech by a single actor

epilogue - finale,

colloquial - spoken in general, informed
Antonym - formal

grandiloquent - speaking something pompous, predencious, oeverseas bearing
Antonym - straight forward

prolix - wordy, flowery, rambling , protracted
Antonym - concise

analogous - similar, akin

interlocutor - person who takes part in dialogue

soliloquy - speech you make to yourself, OR act on speaking one's thought.

gen - birth

generate - to produce / breed or engender or spawn

genealogy - family tree, dencend or ancestors or forebears or pedigree

genre - kind or variety (french , pronounced as zonre)

gender - sex (In french every single word is neutral) eg. - shoes - masculine, sleepers - feminine

homogeneous - of same kind, uniform, identical, standardized, harmonized

genetics - science of heredity / inheritance

genesis - origin, start

degenerate - This is not used when something bad happens but when something immoral happens.
eg. a degenerated society will get engage in eating, drinking etc

progeny - off-springs, children, descendants

progenitor - an ancestor in direct line

sem - seed

seminal - shaping or determining, descisive, influential
originate your thinking eg. after that seminal speech
chinese proverb - Dont give person a fish, teach him to fish

disseminate - distribute, spread, broadcast or publicize

seminar - class transfering data with seminal

rog / rogat - to ask

interrogative - questioning, inquisition, probing

prerogative - privilege

arrogatory - disparaging, insulting, offensive, critical (this word has large range of area)

derogatory - disparaging, insulting

arrogant - naughty, proud, feeling superior
(So one can say - pig headed people live in US - it means over confidant, this is their slang only)

sacr - holi

sanction - authorize , help people somehow
eg. Govt has sanctioned 3000 crore for....

sacrifice - done for holy and sacred reason

sacroment - reparation, self punishment, atonement, to correct yourself, feeling a appology

consecrate - to make holy, sanctify / purify ; Antonym - desecrate

sanctuary - place of refuge/asylum , haven (harbour), place of safety

sanctity - holiness, blessedness, inviolability
(reverence is different - you demand respect)

sanctify - to bless, to consecrate

sanctimonious - self righteous , holier than though, pious (pious is pure by its nature)

sacred - holy, revered(--> highest degree of respect)
Note that revered comes after worship of god; so
worship => god
revered  => human

sacrilege - blasphemy (irreverence) , disrespect, profanity

untouchables (in holi sense) - In hindus/ Jains you can't touch saints etc

sacristy - room in church for vestments, vessels, etc

sacristan - person in charge of sacristy of church

sacrosanct - most sacred

sacrum - triangular bone between hips

sanctum - sacred place , especially a shrine in a temple or church

sanctum sanctorum (plural same or add s) - the holy of holies in the Jewish temple
It was after we reached inner precincts or sanctum sanctorum that the cops stopped him. (He here is about Chilean native who tried to enter Puri temple )
precinct - an eclosed or clearly defined area around cathedral